The process of one person or thing taking the place of another in a specific role or position, often implying a routine or scheduled change.
An organized sequence in which individuals or groups switch places or responsibilities, typically seen in contexts like work shifts or sports games.
The act of replacing someone temporarily to allow for rest or to ensure continued operation in tasks, commonly used in sports and emergency situations.
A systematic exchange of duties or roles among individuals to maintain balance and efficiency, often used in teamwork or collaborative settings.
The act of alternating or rotating responsibilities among multiple participants to share workload or enhance performance.
Example:
我々は交替で車を運転した。
A transition in leadership where one leader is replaced by another, often involving a shift in responsibilities or authority within an organization or group.
The process of changing the person in charge, which may occur due to various reasons such as retirement, resignation, or a strategic decision to bring in new leadership.
The event or situation in which the current leader steps down or is replaced, leading to the inauguration of a new leader and potentially a different direction for the group or organization.
A formal or informal change of governance or oversight that affects the dynamics and operations of a team or organization, usually aimed at rejuvenating strategies or addressing challenges.
The organized transition between workers during scheduled work hours, marking the end of one employee's shift and the beginning of another's.
The system or process through which employees alternate their work periods, ensuring continuous operation and coverage without gaps.
A planned exchange of responsibilities among staff members, allowing for variations in work hours and enabling personnel to rest or take breaks while maintaining productivity.
A system in which workers alternate between different time periods or roles, ensuring continuous operation or coverage in various settings such as workplaces or services.
A work arrangement that involves rotating schedules, where employees take turns performing tasks or duties at different times, often to maintain productivity and accommodate diverse needs.
A method of organizing labor where multiple groups of individuals work in succession, allowing for regular breaks and a balance between work and rest periods.
A system during the Edo period requiring feudal lords (daimyo) to alternate their residences between their home domains and Edo, ensuring their presence at the shogun's court and contributing to the centralization of power.
A practice established in the 17th century that mandated daimyo to travel to Edo every other year, which had significant economic implications and fostered cultural exchange across Japan.
A formal obligation for daimyo to appear before the shogun, reflecting the political structure of the Edo period and serving as a means of governance and control by the shogunate.