A term used to indicate that something is less than a specified quantity or rank, often referring to a lower level or degree in comparison to a given standard.
Used to refer to a group or category that includes a main representative and all other items or individuals that fall under that category.
A phrase often found in written documents to signify what follows after a certain point, introducing additional information or examples that will be elaborated upon later.
A historical expression that denotes something or someone that is beneath a certain status or title, often used in formal or hierarchical contexts.
Example:
１６歳以下の子供は劇場には入場できません。
The phrase used to introduce a list or statement that details information or examples that will follow, indicating that what comes next will provide clarification or elaboration on a subject.
An expression that indicates that the upcoming content will enumerate or specify items, often used in formal or written contexts to present ordered or structured information.
期待される基準や水準よりも劣る状態を示す言葉。
社会的または個人的な評価において、一般的に求められるレベルに達していないことを表す表現。
通常の標準に満たない、またはそれに引き下がるような状況や能力を指す。