A term used to describe a position adjacent or close to another object, indicating a lack of spatial separation.
Refers to a specific aspect or dimension of an object or situation, often used to indicate opposing views or roles in a debate, such as supporting a particular side in a discussion.
An indication of one's vicinity or proximity to someone or something, highlighting a relational or social aspect where one person is near another.
Describes the physical or metaphorical borders surrounding an object, often used in contexts referring to the external surface or boundary.
Can denote a temporal relationship where actions occur without significant delay or separation, commonly seen in phrases indicating immediate succession.
Example:
こちらでかんでもいいですか。
A term that indicates a spatial or temporal closeness to another object or subject, often used to describe something that exists in close proximity or next to something else.
Refers to one side or aspect of a divided or contrasting situation, highlighting the perspective or position of a particular group in relation to another.
Describes a section or area that surrounds a central point, often used to denote the external surfaces or margins of an object.
Expresses the idea of concurrent actions or situations, suggesting that one event occurs simultaneously or immediately following another.
Example:
あの窓のそばの机は使うな。
The side or area that is located within the boundaries of an object or structure, often contrasted with the outer side.
The area that is contained or surrounded by walls, a container, or any enclosing structure.
A term used to describe the inner aspect or region of a thing, highlighting its seclusion from the external environment.
The inward-facing part of a container or enclosure, where items or people may reside or be protected from the outside.
Example:
ドアは内側から鍵がかかっていた。
The position or area adjacent to something significant or central, often describing a physical location beside another object or area.
An expression of simultaneous actions or states, indicating that while one activity is being undertaken, another is occurring alongside it.
Refers to a state of being in close proximity, often suggesting a relationship or connection between two entities or actions.
Describes a feeling of discomfort or embarrassment in witnessing someone's pretentious or affected behavior, particularly when one feels superior or more genuine.
The lateral side of an object or the area near its edge, conveying a sense of being on the periphery rather than the center.
Example:
メアリーは読書をしており、１匹の猫がかたわらで眠っていた。
The side of an object that is usually hidden from view, often referring to the less visible or concealed aspects that may carry deeper or unexpected implications.
The part of an item that faces away from the standard or outer side, such as the back surface or the interior lining, contrasting with the front or visible exterior.
An expression used to denote underlying conditions or situations in society or life that are not immediately apparent, sometimes hinting at darker or more complex realities behind a facade.
The side of an object that is not intended to be seen, including any surface that contributes to the overall structure but is rarely acknowledged in everyday interactions.
Example:
えりはまず裏側にアイロンをかけ次に表側をかけなさい。