かんちが勘違kanchigai
1.

A situation where someone misinterprets information or a circumstance, leading to an incorrect understanding or assumption.

2.

The act of believing something to be true based on faulty reasoning or lack of clarity, often resulting in confusion or misunderstanding.

3.

An error in judgment stemming from preconceived notions or assumptions that does not align with reality.

4.

A misconception that arises when one fails to accurately grasp the intentions or meanings behind words or actions.

Example:

彼はクラスで一番頭がいいと勘違いしている。