A hereditary leader who governs and represents a nation, typically holding the highest position of authority in a monarchy or similar system.
An individual who exercises supreme power and authority over a state, often inherited through family lineage, and embodies the national identity and continuity of the ruling institution.
The sovereign authority within a political structure where the ruling figure governs without the democratic input of a populace, often associated with absolute rule.
A person who holds the title and responsibilities associated with monarchy, characterized by the right to make final decisions on state affairs and command the nation's military forces.
The highest-ranking individual in a monarchy, who represents the unity of the state and its historical traditions, often seen as a symbolic and ceremonial figure in addition to their governing duties.
Example:
その君主は臣民に対して絶対の支配権を持っていた。
A ruler who exercises absolute power without any constitutional or legal limitations, often governing through authoritarian means.
A sovereign leader who maintains control over the state by centralizing authority and making unilateral decisions, disregarding the will of the governed.
A monarch characterized by the concentration of power in their hands, often employing oppressive measures to maintain dominance over the populace.
Example:
専制君主は人民を弾圧した。
A governance system where a single ruler holds complete and unrestricted power over the state and its people, often without the limitations imposed by a constitution or laws.
A form of monarchy in which the monarch's decisions and authority are not subject to any legal or institutional checks, leading to an authoritarian regime.
A political system characterized by the concentration of power in the hands of a sovereign leader, typically inheriting their position, who exercises total control over government functions.
A system of government in which a single ruler, often a king or queen, holds authority and reigns over a state or territory, with varying degrees of power that may be limited by a constitution or other legal framework.
A political structure where the head of state is a monarch whose role and powers can range from ceremonial duties to absolute control, differentiated into constitutional monarchy, where the monarch's powers are regulated, and absolute monarchy, where the monarch wields unrestricted authority.