The language that is recognized and used officially by the citizens of a country, serving as a medium of communication within the nation, primarily referring to Japanese in a narrow sense.
An academic subject focused on developing skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing the national language, aimed at enhancing linguistic proficiency over time.
The study and exploration of the national language, particularly in academic contexts related to its structure, history, and usage, as distinct from comparative language studies.
A language that is specific to a nation, often contrasted with foreign words and characters, encompassing indigenous vocabulary unique to that culture.
A historical document written during the Spring and Autumn period in China, detailing the events of various states, attributed to the author Zuo Qiuming, reflecting the linguistic heritage of historical time periods.
Example:
彼は国語が好きだし得意だ。
A language that is spoken in a country other than one's own, often learned for communication with speakers of that language or for travel.
A means of communication that differs from the native language of an individual, commonly encompassing the languages of various nations and cultures.
A form of verbal expression that originates from another nation, typically representing the linguistic traditions and nuances of that foreign culture.
Example:
あなたはなぜ外国語を勉強するのですか。
The language spoken primarily in South Korea, characterized by its unique script called Hangul and its grammatical structures distinct from other languages in the region.
A member of the Koreanic language family, used by millions of speakers and rich in vocabulary influenced by historical, cultural, and social factors in Korean society.
The official language of South Korea, utilized in education, media, and government, known for its distinct phonetic system and vocabulary that reflects Korean cultural nuances.
A language that has evolved through centuries of history, encompassing both traditional and modern forms, and represents the identity and heritage of the Korean people.
Example:
しかし、中国語や韓国語を話すことができると、もっとたくさんの人と考え方を共有することができるんです。
A language that belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family, recognized as the official language of China and spoken by the Chinese diaspora in regions such as Hong Kong and Macau.
A tonal language characterized by its primarily monosyllabic words that use tone to distinguish meaning, and whose grammatical relationships are conveyed through word order and auxiliary words, making it an isolating language.
The language recognized as the standard form of communication across various Chinese dialects, with significant regional variations in pronunciation, including but not limited to Mandarin, Cantonese, Wu, Hakka, and Min dialects.
Example:
ケイトは中国語をほとんど話せない。
The language that a person learned from early childhood and is typically spoken at home or within their family, representing their cultural and familial identity.
The primary language of the country where an individual has their roots, which serves as a medium of communication and connection to their heritage.
The language most commonly used by an individual in daily life and social interactions since their formative years, often associated with their cultural background and upbringing.
Example:
英語は私の母国語です。