A person engaged in the administration of government, particularly in roles that influence national policies and decisions, often associated with a structured hierarchy and specific regulations.
The political system where senior bureaucrats hold significant power and effectively govern the country, often overshadowing elected officials.
A characteristic attitude or behavior commonly found among bureaucrats, marked by a tendency toward dogmatism, procedural rigidity, and avoidance of personal accountability in decision-making processes.
Example:
彼の辞職で官僚の席に空きができた。
A tendency within large organizations, particularly bureaucratic systems, characterized by strict adherence to rules, a resistance to innovation, and an inclination towards secrecy and arrogance, often criticized for stifling creativity and initiative.
A behavioral pattern and organizational culture typical of bureaucratic institutions, marked by a prioritization of authority and regulations over efficient problem-solving, leading to inflexible procedures and a lack of responsiveness to change.
A critical term that describes the atmosphere and attitudes found in bureaucratic environments, where there is often a focus on preserving established power structures and a reluctance to embrace novel ideas or approaches.
A political system characterized by the governance of a country by a privileged class of officials who hold real power, often through a hierarchical structure of delegated authority and specialized roles.
An organizational management system that emphasizes strict adherence to established rules and regulations, promoting efficiency and effectiveness in achieving institutional goals.
A critical term denoting rigid formalism and an authoritarian inclination within an institution, often implying a tendency towards self-serving behaviors and avoidance of accountability among its officials.