The act of presenting one's opinion and reasoning in front of an audience, often seen in formal settings such as contests or public discussions.
A mutual exchange of ideas or arguments, where individuals engage in dialogue to discuss differing perspectives.
The formal presentation made by parties involved in a legal trial, encompassing both statements made and the overall process of court proceedings.
A structured discourse where an individual articulates their views logically, particularly in a public forum or legal context, highlighting the importance of clarity and persuasion in communication.
Example:
その学生は、自分の弁論に対して審査員が批判的に述べたことをひどく気にした。
A legal procedure in civil litigation where parties or their representatives present arguments verbally in front of a judge.
A component of court proceedings in which direct statements and presentations are made by involved parties, encompassing the examination of evidence in a broader sense.
An interactive phase in a trial setting, characterized by spoken advocacy rather than written submissions, allowing for immediate dialogue and clarification between the judge and the parties involved.
The formal exchange of arguments and evidence in a courtroom setting, where the emphasis is on oral communication rather than written documentation, facilitating a dynamic legal discussion.
A formal presentation made by a lawyer at the conclusion of a trial, summarizing evidence and arguing for a specific verdict based on that evidence.
The final opportunity for a defense attorney to articulate their perspective and emphasize key points before the court makes its decision.
The last stage of a courtroom proceeding where the lawyer seeks to persuade the judge or jury by outlining the case's essential arguments and implications following the examination of evidence.