A term used to address someone directly, often implying a level of familiarity or intimacy between speakers, typically used among peers or close friends.
An informal pronoun indicating the second person, which can sometimes carry a connotation of disdain or disrespect, particularly when used by males toward someone perceived as inferior or intimidating.
A word that historically held an honorific tone in some contexts but has shifted to a more casual usage, reflecting a relationship that lacks formal politeness.
Example:
お前を娘の夫にしよう。
A prefix used to express respect or honor towards a person, especially in relation to their actions or possessions, often indicating a level of etiquette or decorum in communication.
A term that adds an element of beauty or refinement to the subject being discussed, enhancing the overall politeness of the expression.
An honorific prefix that signifies a respectful acknowledgment of another person's status or their connections without outrightly mentioning their name, often used in traditional or formal contexts.
A linguistic marker that elevates the subject of a conversation, typically to reflect the inherent dignity associated with royal, religious, or esteemed figures in a Japanese cultural context.
A term used to express a request for forgiveness or understanding, often used in situations where one might feel remorseful or is looking to excuse oneself from a situation.
A respectful way of indicating permission or approval, commonly used in formal contexts to acknowledge granted authority.
A phrase that can be used to politely decline or refuse an offer or duty, suggesting a courteous rejection rather than outright denial.
An abbreviated expression used when entering someone's home or a similar setting, often serving as a polite greeting.
A term that signifies a respectful acknowledgment of one's discharge or exemption from an official duty or position.
Example:
待たせてごめん。
A prefix used in the Japanese language to convey respect towards others, particularly when referring to their actions, states, or related subjects, often enhancing the politeness of the expression.
Often attached to words concerning deities, the Emperor, or esteemed individuals, this prefix elevates the terms it modifies, signifying a deep respect and honor.
A linguistic marker that beautifies the accompanying nouns, imbuing them with elegance and a sense of decorum, frequently employed in formal or refined contexts.
Example:
あいつはのらりくらりの仕事にお忙しい事だ。
A respectful or polite expression indicating existence or presence, often used in formal or archaic contexts.
An archaic term that conveys the idea of someone or something being in a particular place or state, commonly employed in honorific language.
A polite variant of the verb "to be," used to signify the presence of entities or people, as well as their actions in a courteous manner.
An expression that denotes a condition of decay or deterioration, often applied to food or in reference to one's situation becoming worn out.
A term used to describe the act of feeling infatuated or enamored toward someone, suggesting a state of emotional attachment.