naげるgeru
1.

To propel an object by hand so that it travels a distance, often in a parabolic trajectory toward a specific target, such as throwing a ball.

2.

To execute a technique in sports like sumo or judo that involves throwing an opponent, often resulting in them falling outside a designated area.

3.

To surrender oneself physically, often implying a sense of giving up or conceding, as in throwing oneself down.

4.

To transmit something from a distance to ensure it reaches a desired location, such as casting light or projecting a topic of discussion.

5.

To abandon an effort or competition mid-way, indicating a decision to stop pursuing a challenge, often due to a belief in inevitable failure.

6.

In strategy games like go or shogi, to concede a match by recognizing that victory is unattainable before formally concluding the game.

Example:

その子は犬に石を投げた。

ぶんbunnaげるgeru
1.

To throw something with considerable force and in a reckless manner, often implying a lack of care for precision or delicacy.

2.

To hurl an object with vigor, suggesting a spontaneous or impulsive action that may convey frustration or aggression.

3.

To toss an item in a rough or careless way, indicating a significant amount of energy in the motion rather than a gentle or controlled throw.