A state of human society characterized by advanced knowledge and technology, organized social structures, and a way of life that is materially and spiritually enriched.
The products and achievements that arise from human intelligence, particularly those that have developed in the realms of technology and material goods, often contrasting with the more abstract aspects of culture.
A structured community that emerges from agriculture and grazing, marked by urbanization and specialization in various trades, where economic conditions and technological levels are notably elevated.
A historical phase in which a society adopts sophisticated political and economic systems, leading to significant advancements in infrastructure, communication, and cultural development.
Example:
１９世紀は白人文明の時代だった。
A phase of human society characterized by the predominance of machines in production processes, leading to mass production and a shift from traditional craftsmanship to mechanized industry, particularly after the Industrial Revolution.
A societal framework where technology and machinery dictate the economic and social structures, reflecting the efficiency and productivity of advanced industrial capabilities while often diminishing human individuality and creativity.
The evolution of civilization marked by the use of machines and technology that transform labor practices, often prioritizing speed and volume of output over human-centered approaches and craftsmanship.
A societal structure characterized by advanced technology, complex social systems, and urban living, reflecting the achievements and lifestyles of contemporary human societies.
The accumulation of knowledge, cultural practices, and technological innovations developed during the recent historical period, shaping current human existence and interactions.
A phase in human history marked by significant developments in science, industry, and culture, leading to unprecedented changes in how people live and relate to one another.
The collective features and characteristics of contemporary society, including economic systems, social norms, and cultural expressions, that define modern life and community dynamics.
Example:
現代文明は科学と教育の基盤の上に成り立っている。
A historical society characterized by complex social structures, advancements in arts and sciences, and distinctive cultural achievements that emerged in the distant past.
Societies that developed written language, monumental architecture, and organized governments, often leaving a lasting impact on human history.
Cultures that existed thousands of years ago, marked by their unique contributions to human development and often studied through archaeology and historical records.
Example:
その神話を読むと古代文明を深く理解することが出来る。
A community characterized by advanced cultural, social, and technological development, where individuals coexist under established norms and institutions.
A societal structure where human interactions are guided by laws, ethics, and organized systems, promoting collective well-being and order.
An environment where progress in arts, science, and governance fosters a sense of community and mutual respect among its members.
A stage of societal evolution marked by the emergence of complex institutions, infrastructure, and cultural practices that support human coexistence.
Example:
われわれは文明社会に生きている。