An organ found in amphibians and higher vertebrates that facilitates respiration by exchanging gases between inhaled air and blood, consisting of a pair located within the thoracic cavity, surrounded by pleurae, and containing numerous alveoli where this gas exchange occurs.
The primary organ of the respiratory system, essential for breathing, structured as a pair located in the chest area, involved in the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide, and commonly affected by respiratory diseases.
A vital structure in vertebrates that enables air breathing, characterized by its alveolar configuration that allows efficient gas exchange, and analogous to the swim bladder in fish.
Example:
喫煙が彼のを冒した。
A condition characterized by inflammation of the lungs, often resulting from infections caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens, leading to symptoms such as fever, cough, chest pain, and difficulty breathing.
A respiratory illness that occurs when infectious agents invade the lung tissue, causing inflammation and fluid accumulation, which may manifest in severe coughing and shortness of breath.
A medical disorder where the lungs become inflamed due to various factors including microbial infections or allergic reactions, often marked by symptoms such as coughing up mucus and experiencing discomfort in the chest.
An illness typically associated with the infiltration of infectious microorganisms into the lung, resulting in inflammatory responses that compromise normal breathing and oxygen exchange.
Example:
スイスを訪れている間、彼は肺炎にかかってしまった。
The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled and exhaled by the lungs, usually measured after taking a deep breath and exhaling fully, typically ranging from 3000 to 4500 milliliters in adults.
The total amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs after a deep inhalation, reflecting the efficiency and health of the respiratory system.
An infectious disease primarily affecting the lungs, caused by inhaling the tuberculosis bacillus, often characterized by a chronic progression and the potential for transmission through coughing and sputum. Initial symptoms may be absent, but as the condition advances, it can lead to lung cavities and spread to other organs via the lymphatic or circulatory systems.
A chronic respiratory illness caused by a bacterial infection that typically manifests with persistent fever, cough, and sometimes coughing up blood, often beginning without noticeable symptoms.
Example:
最近、肺結核を患う人はほとんどいない。
A small, grape-like sac located at the end of the bronchial branches, where the exchange of respiratory gases occurs between the air and the blood through the walls of the sac.
The structural unit of the lung that consists of clusters of air-filled pouches, facilitating the process of gas exchange essential for respiration.
A tiny air-filled space within the lungs responsible for oxygen absorption and carbon dioxide release, critical for effective respiratory function.