The outermost layer or top part of an object, which is visible and can be interacted with, distinguishing it from the interior or back side.
The aspect of something that is presented to the outside world, often relating to appearance or superficial qualities rather than deeper characteristics.
A boundary that occurs when a liquid or solid phase comes into contact with a gas or vacuum, creating a distinct interface that can affect various physical properties.
In a way that pertains to the outward appearance or initial impression, without considering deeper or underlying factors.
In a manner that suggests something might be true at first glance, but does not necessarily reflect the reality or truth beneath.
Describing an action or condition that is focused on external aspects or surface-level details, rather than exploring the substance or core elements.
Example:
表面上、本書の大部分は一連の事例の変遷を記録したものである。
The process by which previously hidden or unnoticed matters become exposed and recognized by a broader audience or a wider context, often leading to increased awareness or conflict.
The act of surfacing problems or underlying issues that were previously concealed, prompting public discussion or scrutiny.
A situation where latent tensions or disputes emerge into the open, becoming significant points of contention or focus in a social or organizational setting.
The manifestation of concealed realities or truths that were not initially apparent, often resulting in a reevaluation or reassessment of circumstances.
The force exerted by a liquid's surface that causes it to minimize its surface area, resulting in phenomena such as the formation of spherical droplets and the ability of small objects to float on the liquid's surface without sinking.
The property of a liquid that leads its surface to behave like a stretched membrane, created by the cohesive forces between molecules at the surface, which enables certain behaviors like water being held just within the rim of a glass or resisting penetration by external objects.
Describing something that pertains only to the exterior or outward appearance, lacking depth or substance.
Indicating a state where emotions or qualities are concealed, presenting a calm or composed facade while concealing the true feelings or realities beneath.
Relating to superficial attributes that do not reflect the inner qualities or complexities of a person or situation.
Characterizing behavior or opinions that are expressed without thorough understanding or genuine commitment, merely for outward show.
Example:
それらの間には表面的な相違はない。