The process through which a legal dispute is examined and resolved, involving the application of law to determine the outcome of a case, including whether a party is guilty or not guilty.
A formal judicial procedure conducted by a court, during which evidence is presented, witnesses may testify, and a decision is rendered based on established legal principles.
The authoritative resolution of conflicts or legal issues by a public institution, resulting in a ruling that may take the form of a decision, order, or judgment.
An official evaluation of legal matters where a judge or panel applies relevant laws to reach a conclusion that determines rights, responsibilities, or penalties of the parties involved.
Example:
裁判は公明正大であることが要求される。
A lower-level judicial institution that specializes in the resolution and mediation of legal disputes related to family matters, including divorce and custody issues, as well as juvenile protection cases.
A court that addresses legal cases involving family dynamics and youth, functioning with the same authority as district courts and operating within the same jurisdiction.
An official body where family-related legal issues, including domestic disputes and minor children's welfare, are examined and adjudicated, aiming to foster reconciliation and protect vulnerable members of society.
A legal proceeding specifically designed to adjudicate war crimes and offenses committed by military personnel.
A trial conducted under military law for members of the armed forces, typically involving offences against military discipline.
A legal proceeding in which the existence of a crime is examined, leading to a determination of guilt or innocence for the accused party.
A judicial process that assesses allegations of criminal activity and delivers a verdict regarding the culpability of the defendant.
A formal court case focused on evaluating accusations against an individual, determining whether the evidence supports a conviction or acquittal.
A structured examination within a court to establish the facts surrounding a criminal offense and to decide the consequences for the person charged.
A public official belonging to the judiciary, responsible for overseeing legal proceedings, making determinations on the application of law, and delivering judgments, all while maintaining independence from external influences.
An individual who exercises judicial authority within a court, applying constitutional and legal standards to resolve disputes and determine culpability in criminal cases, acting in accordance with their conscience.
A state employee authorized to conduct trials and hearings within the court system, tasked with interpreting and enforcing laws while ensuring fairness and impartiality in the judicial process.
Example:
ヤッパリさんが裁判官に慈悲を求めて訴えた。