A formal process through which parties present their disputes to a court, seeking resolution by a legal authority.
The act of filing a formal complaint or request for decision before a judicial body, involving parties who are in conflict over legal rights.
A procedure that entails the authoritative examination of a case, where one party seeks redress or remedy against another within the framework of the law.
Example:
その訴訟の判事は公 平ではなかった。
A legal process that involves the prosecution of individuals who are accused of violating criminal laws, aiming to determine guilt and impose appropriate penalties.
The judicial procedure specifically designed for addressing crimes, where the state brings charges against an accused person and seeks to administer justice through formal hearings and trials.
A set of legal actions and methods utilized to resolve disputes related to criminal offenses, focusing on the enforcement of law and order in relation to punitive measures against offenders.
Expenses incurred by the parties involved in a legal dispute and the court, which are specifically outlined by law, typically borne by the losing party.
Financial obligations related to litigation proceedings, encompassing fees for legal representation, court filings, and other related costs as determined by the judicial system.
The total amount spent on legal actions, including any charges mandated by law that must be paid by one of the parties, usually the one who does not prevail in the case.
A legal procedure in which a court resolves disputes arising between private individuals regarding their personal relationships and obligations, thereby enforcing their legal rights and responsibilities.
The formal process through which private parties seek a judicial remedy for conflicts that do not involve criminal law, focusing on the maintenance and protection of private rights through court intervention.
A legal process in which a married couple seeks to dissolve their marriage, often involving the court to address issues such as asset division and custody of children.
A formal lawsuit initiated by one spouse against the other to legally end a marriage, in which various disputes may be resolved through judicial intervention.
Example:
彼女は彼に対して離婚訴訟を起こした。