しもshimo
1.

A thin layer of ice that forms on the ground or surfaces when the temperature drops during the night, resulting from the condensation of water vapor in the air.

2.

A poetic expression referring to the appearance of white hair, often used to signify aging or wisdom, as if the head is adorned with frost.

Example:

今朝、地面はで覆われていた。

しもつき霜月shimotsukiそうげつ霜月sougetsu
1.

The month associated with the arrival of frost, marking the transition into winter in the lunar calendar.

2.

A traditional Japanese name for the eleventh month of the lunar calendar, often reflecting the chilling nights and seasonal changes that occur during this time.

3.

A term referring to a period when frost begins to settle, highlighting the cold weather typical of late autumn in the historical lunar calendar.

しもふ霜降shimofuri
1.

The phenomenon where frost forms on surfaces, creating a layer of icy crystals that appear as white spots, reminiscent of frost-covered landscapes.

2.

A characteristic of certain fabrics that display a pattern resembling the appearance of frost with small, white speckles distributed evenly across the material.

3.

A specific quality in beef where white fat is interspersed irregularly throughout the meat, creating marbling that enhances flavor and tenderness.

4.

A Japanese sashimi preparation method where fish or poultry is briefly exposed to boiling water, then rapidly cooled, resulting in a surface that appears white, akin to frost.

Example:

日本の牛は広範囲に霜降りがある。

しもばしら霜柱shimobashira
1.

A natural formation of thin ice pillars that appears on the ground during winter, created when moisture from the soil freezes due to capillary action, pushing the ground upwards.

2.

A phenomenon characterized by the presence of small, needle-like ice structures that form as groundwater seeps to the surface and freezes, typically seen in cold climates during the winter season.

しもや霜焼shimoyake
1.

A mild form of frostbite that occurs due to cold exposure, commonly affecting the hands and feet, resulting in redness, swelling, and itching.

2.

A condition where part of the body, such as fingers or ears, experiences localized freezing damage from cold temperatures, often leading to inflammation and discomfort.

3.

A phenomenon in which plants change color due to exposure to frost, indicating damage to their tissues from freezing conditions.

Example:

耳がしもやけになったんだ。