かわkawa
1.

A material derived from the skin of animals, treated through a tanning process to create a durable surface used in various products, including clothing and accessories.

2.

A term that signifies the act of renewal or improvement, often associated with making significant changes or reforms in something established.

3.

A specific type of animal hide that has been processed to remove hair and enhance its usability, commonly employed in crafting bags, shoes, and other functional goods.

4.

An indication of transformation or alteration in condition, often used in the context of making something new or restoring its original state.

Example:

くつはでつくられている。

かいかく改革kaikaku
1.

The process of modifying outdated or inadequate systems and institutions to better align with contemporary needs and values.

2.

An effort to improve social structures and organizations while maintaining their foundational principles.

3.

The act of instituting changes with the intention of creating a more effective and beneficial configuration in political or societal frameworks.

Example:

「冬の時代」が大学改革の起爆剤となってくれればと思う。

かくめい革命kakumei
1.

A significant and often sudden change in the political, social, or economic structure of a state or society, typically involving the overthrow of an existing system or authority.

2.

A fundamental transformation that challenges and alters established ideologies or practices, leading to new methods or frameworks.

3.

The process by which a ruling class loses power and is replaced, resulting in a complete overhaul of governance and societal norms.

4.

A broad movement aimed at reestablishing or innovating foundational institutions and cultural values, often characterized by collective action and dissent.

5.

The historical event in which a particular dynasty or ruling order is replaced, signifying a major shift in the governance of a region or nation.

Example:

鉄道はある種の革命を引き起こした。

かわぐつ革靴kawagutsu
1.

A type of footwear constructed from leather, typically designed as lace-up shoes for men, often worn in formal or professional settings.

2.

Shoes made from processed animal hide, distinguished by their durability and often associated with a polished appearance, suitable for various occasions.

3.

Footwear crafted from leather, which may vary in style but is generally recognized for its sturdy construction and potential enhancements, such as decorative stitching or varying closures.

かくしん革新kakushin
1.

The act of changing outdated systems, traditions, or ideas to create something new, particularly in the context of political or social structures.

2.

A movement or approach aimed at disrupting the established order to implement new policies or technologies, often associated with progressive ideologies.

3.

The process of transforming old methodologies or paradigms into modern alternatives, signifying a departure from traditional practices in favor of advancements.